11/9/2023 0 Comments Utopia book 1 chapters![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Households are composed of extended families, but family members can be relocated to other households if the distribution of adults per household becomes uneven within a given city. A child is re-assigned to another household if the child wishes to learn a trade other than his or her father's. Laws and social customs heavily regulate the private decisions of individuals. There is a large degree of uniformity and very little individual expression. Language, social customs, religion, dress, architecture and education are identical in Utopia's fifty-four cities. The rulers are selected from the order of scholars. Hythloday notes that the Utopians have retained many of the plans and values initially established by Utopus. As a demonstration of mastery over nature, Utopus formed the land into an island, organizing a labor force that cut through the thin isthmus connected Utopus from the rest of the continent. 1760 years before Raphael's commentary on the island, the general Utopus conquered and civilized the area, giving the land and the people his name. Utopia is quite unlike the negatively portrayed New World villages with primitive levels of social organization and development. Hythloday describes Utopian history, geography, social customs, legal and political systems, economic structures, religious beliefs and philosophy. It is not very much of a dialogue and there are few interruptions from More or Giles. The three men break for lunch and Book Two chronicles the continuation of Hythloday's presentation, in which he presents the details of Utopia.īook Two is a long commentary on Hythloday's part. Nonetheless, both men are interested in hearing more about the island nation. Neither More nor Giles professes deep belief in or total support of Utopian policies. Hythloday's arguments are rather surprising and the Utopian society is quite unlike the European commonwealths. Hythloday especially focuses on political and economic issues (the distribution of labor, capital punishment for thieves, land reform, the abolition of private property). Having toured Europe, Hythloday believes that many of the Utopian customs are morally superior to European customs. Hythloday gives his opinions on a wide range of topics. Hythloday is quite a talker More and Giles can barely get a word in edgewise. The three men make their way back to More's lodging place in the city and they enjoy a conversation in the garden. During these travels, Hythloday became acquainted with the Utopians. Hythloday stayed behind in the New World and traveled to a few additional locations, eventually making his way back home to Europe. Hythloday is a Portuguese man who sailed to the New World with the Italian explorer, Amerigo Vespucci. More visits Giles in Antwerp, and this is when Giles introduces Hythloday to More. Book One introduces Hythloday and vaguely mentions the New World island of Utopia. In Book One, Utopia recounts the initial meeting of Hythloday, More and Giles. Their mutual acquaintance, Raphael Hythloday, is entirely invented and fictional. Thomas More and Peter Giles are real persons. Utopia chronicles a conversation that More and Giles enjoyed with a man named Raphael Hythloday. In More's letter, we read that More is sending Utopia to Giles for editing and publication. Giles is a printer and editor, as well as a clerk for the city. He writes a letter to a friend in Antwerp (Belgium) named Peter Giles. Thomas More is a public servant living in London with his family. ![]()
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